Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) refer to the process of combining two or more companies into a single entity or acquiring one company by another. These activities typically involve a significant amount of financial transactions and legal negotiations.

Mergers occur when two companies agree to join forces and become one entity. In contrast, acquisitions refer to one company purchasing another company, either through a stock purchase or an asset purchase. M&A activity can be driven by a variety of reasons, including a desire for increased market share, access to new markets or technologies, cost savings, or strategic partnerships.

M&A activity can have a significant impact on the companies involved, their shareholders, employees, and the broader business landscape. Proper due diligence and careful consideration of potential risks and benefits are essential for successful M&A transactions.