The most commonly traded energy commodities include crude oil, natural gas, coal, and electricity. Each of these plays a crucial role in the global energy market.

Crude Oil: As the most traded energy commodity, crude oil is the backbone of the global energy supply. It is refined into various products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel, essential for transportation and industry. Major benchmarks like Brent and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) are used to price crude oil globally.

Natural Gas: Natural gas is another critical energy commodity, used for heating, electricity generation, and as an industrial feedstock. Its trading has grown significantly with the development of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which allows for easier transportation across the world.

Coal: Despite environmental concerns, coal remains a widely traded commodity due to its abundant supply and cost-effectiveness for electricity generation, especially in developing countries. Its use is declining in some regions due to a shift towards cleaner energy sources.

Electricity: Unlike other energy commodities, electricity cannot be stored easily, making its trading unique. Power trading involves buying and selling electricity on short-term and long-term contracts to balance supply and demand across grids.

These energy commodities are traded on major exchanges like the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) and the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), with prices influenced by factors like geopolitical events, supply and demand dynamics, and regulatory changes.

The most commonly traded energy commodities are crude oil, natural gas, and gasoline. Crude oil, particularly West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent, is the most traded due to its critical role in the global economy. It's a benchmark for other energy prices and heavily influences transportation, manufacturing, and heating costs. Natural gas follows closely, valued for its use in electricity generation, heating, and as an industrial feedstock. Its prices can be volatile, driven by seasonal demand and supply factors. Gasoline, a refined product of crude oil, is also actively traded, especially in regions with high automobile usage. These energy commodities are traded on major exchanges and influence global markets, making them key focus areas for traders and investors alike.