The terms "hawkish" and "dovish" are commonly used to describe a country's monetary policy as implemented by its central bank.
Hawkish comes from the word Hawk, which means "Eagle," and Dovish comes from the word "dove," which means "pigeon."
Hawkish (Eagle) is a dangerous hunter known for its aggressive nature. Raising interest rates to reduce current inflation is associated with monetary policy.
The Dovish (Pigeon) is best known for its low-flying and cautious behaviour. Lowering interest rates is associated with monetary policy as a driver of economic growth.

In economics, hawkish and dovish refer to monetary policy stances taken by central banks. A hawkish stance favours higher interest rates to control inflation, even at the risk of slowing economic growth. Hawks prioritize price stability and may reduce money supply to curb inflation. A dovish stance, on the other hand, supports lower interest rates to stimulate economic growth and employment, even if inflation rises. Doves prioritizes economic expansion and may increase liquidity in the market. Traders watch central banks' tone closely, as hawkish signals can strengthen a currency, while dovish policies often weaken it in forex markets.