Bonds and fixed-income securities are investment instruments that provide regular interest payments over a specified period, with the principal amount returned at maturity. Bonds are debt securities issued by governments, municipalities, or corporations to raise capital. When you buy a bond, you're lending money to the issuer in exchange for periodic interest payments, known as coupon payments, and the return of the bond's face value at maturity.

Fixed-income securities encompass various instruments, including bonds, treasury bills, and certificates of deposit. These investments are generally considered lower risk compared to equities, offering predictable returns and preserving capital. They are attractive for conservative investors seeking steady income and portfolio diversification. The stability of fixed-income securities makes them a crucial component in balanced investment strategies.